Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge – a legendary shotgun famend for its efficiency and craftsmanship. This detailed exploration delves into its historical past, options, dealing with, development, reliability, capturing expertise, worth proposition, consumer opinions, and technical specs. Prepare to find why this firearm is a favourite amongst hunters and sports activities shooters alike.
From its strong metal development to its easy motion, the Citori Particular Metal stands out. We’ll cowl all the things from its historic significance to its fashionable efficiency, evaluating it to different top-tier 20 gauge shotguns. This thorough evaluation goals to equip you with the information to make an knowledgeable choice when you’re contemplating this exceptional firearm.
Overview of Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 Gauge
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a famend sporting shotgun, celebrated for its reliability, versatility, and enduring legacy. This mannequin, particularly designed for the calls for of recent shooters, builds upon the storied Citori lineage, providing a mix of traditional craftsmanship and modern options. Its power lies in its potential to deal with a variety of capturing situations, from looking to sporting clays.This shotgun is a testomony to Browning’s dedication to high quality and efficiency.
Its strong development and exact engineering make it a trusted companion for fans of all ability ranges. The Particular Metal mannequin’s specific concentrate on steel-shot efficiency units it aside, providing distinctive dealing with traits for all kinds of ammunition sorts.
A Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a incredible firearm, identified for its precision and reliability. Figuring out the historical past of those weapons, particularly their serial numbers, could be key to understanding their worth and provenance. For a complete information to understanding Smith & Wesson serial numbers, take a look at this invaluable useful resource: standard catalog of smith and wesson serial numbers.
This information, in flip, helps recognize the craftsmanship and historical past behind a advantageous piece like your Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge.
Detailed Description of the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 Gauge
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge embodies a traditional design with fashionable refinements. Its distinctive options, together with a strong receiver, a well-balanced inventory, and meticulously crafted motion, make it a dependable selection for each informal and devoted shooters. The usage of particular metal in its development contributes to its sturdiness and efficiency. The light-weight but sturdy design ensures a snug and managed capturing expertise, making it appropriate for prolonged intervals on the vary or within the discipline.
Key Options and Specs
This mannequin’s key options embody a high-quality, mechanically sound motion, a easy set off, and a precision-machined barrel. The Particular Metal designation highlights the barrel’s superior potential to face up to the pains of metal shot. Particular specs, such because the barrel size, weight, and inventory dimensions, range based mostly on particular configurations. These particulars are available by Browning’s official documentation and could be a key factor in figuring out suitability for a person shooter.
Historic Context of the Citori Line
The Citori line boasts a wealthy historical past, representing a long time of innovation and refinement in shotgun design. Its enduring reputation stems from its mixture of conventional values and constant enhancements, reflecting a steady dedication to offering dependable and efficient firearms. The Particular Metal mannequin additional strengthens this legacy by integrating cutting-edge know-how with time-tested craftsmanship. This mannequin stands as a worthy successor to its predecessors, representing one of the best of Browning’s shotgun engineering.
Supposed Makes use of and Goal Audiences
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is ideally fitted to a wide selection of capturing actions. Its versatility caters to hunters, sporting clays fans, and entice shooters, all of whom worth a shotgun able to dealing with diversified ammunition sorts and capturing situations. The mannequin’s strong development and exact engineering make it a dependable choice for these looking for a sturdy and versatile firearm.
Comparability to Different Shotguns
Characteristic | Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 Gauge | Beretta A400 20 Gauge | Benelli SuperNova 20 Gauge |
---|---|---|---|
Motion Kind | Aspect-by-side | Aspect-by-side | Over/Underneath |
Barrel Size (typical) | 26-28 inches | 26-28 inches | 28-30 inches |
Weight (typical) | 6-7 lbs | 6.5-7.5 lbs | 7-8 lbs |
Metal Shot Efficiency | Wonderful | Good | Very Good |
Worth (approximate) | $1,500-$2,500 | $1,200-$2,000 | $1,400-$2,200 |
This desk offers a comparative overview of key specs. Whereas all these shotguns are high-quality choices, the precise options and supposed use will decide the optimum selection for a given particular person. Elements corresponding to desired barrel size, weight, and funds will additional affect the choice course of.
Efficiency and Dealing with
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge, famend for its versatility, delivers a compelling mixture of efficiency and dealing with traits. This shotgun, designed for each sporting clays and looking, proves to be a formidable selection for shooters looking for a dependable and gratifying expertise. Its refined options contribute to a seamless capturing expertise.This part delves into the intricacies of the Citori’s efficiency, exploring its dealing with attributes, set off mechanism, barrel affect, and accuracy in comparison with different 20-gauge shotguns.
A Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a incredible selection, identified for its reliability and easy motion. Whereas exploring the world of firearms, it is fascinating to think about the precision of a Glock 17 mini caliber 11, and its place within the firearms panorama, which is roofed intimately here. In the end, the Citori stays a top-tier selection for these looking for a traditional, reliable shotgun.
We’ll illuminate how every factor contributes to the general capturing expertise, offering a complete understanding of this distinctive firearm.
Barrel Efficiency and Accuracy
The barrel of the Browning Citori Particular Metal considerably impacts accuracy and shot patterns. Completely different barrel lengths provide various efficiency traits, affecting each vary and unfold. An extended barrel, usually, promotes a straighter shot path and tighter grouping, enhancing accuracy at prolonged ranges. Conversely, shorter barrels could be advantageous for faster goal engagement in close-quarters situations.
- Barrel size is a essential issue influencing shot sample and accuracy. An extended barrel usually ends in a extra constant shot sample, significantly at longer ranges. Shorter barrels, whereas providing faster dealing with, may produce wider patterns.
- The metal development of the barrel within the Citori Particular Metal contributes to its sturdiness and reliability. This materials is understood for its potential to face up to repeated firing with out vital put on.
Dealing with Ergonomics and Steadiness
The Browning Citori’s design prioritizes comfy dealing with and balanced really feel. The ergonomic options are meticulously crafted to cut back fatigue throughout prolonged capturing periods. The stability of the firearm performs an important function within the shooter’s potential to keep up management and accuracy. Nicely-balanced shotguns really feel pure within the arms, minimizing any undesirable motion.
- The Citori’s inventory design, that includes adjustable comb peak and size of pull, permits for customized match and luxury. This customization ensures the firearm matches the shooter’s physique and preferences.
- The load distribution of the Citori Particular Metal is meticulously designed to advertise a balanced really feel. This contributes to a smoother, extra managed capturing expertise, particularly throughout rapid-fire sequences.
Set off Mechanism and Responsiveness
The set off mechanism is an important side of the capturing expertise. The Citori Particular Metal’s set off mechanism is designed for constant and dependable operation, facilitating exact pictures. Responsiveness is a essential attribute of a well-designed set off.
- The set off’s pull weight is an important side, as a lighter pull weight usually results in faster and extra managed shot releases.
- A easy and predictable set off pull ensures a constant and dependable capturing expertise, enhancing accuracy.
Comparability to Different 20 Gauge Shotguns
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a formidable contender within the 20-gauge shotgun market. Its efficiency and dealing with traits, significantly the barrel choices and balanced design, provide a novel mixture of versatility and reliability. Evaluating its accuracy to different 20-gauge fashions, together with in style manufacturers like [Mention 2-3 popular brands], the Citori usually displays sturdy efficiency in each shut and prolonged vary engagements.
- The Citori usually displays a tighter grouping than some rivals at longer ranges on account of its barrel choices and design.
Barrel Lengths and Efficiency Desk
Barrel Size (inches) | Affect on Efficiency (Abstract) |
---|---|
26 | Wonderful for close-range targets, sustaining stability and management. |
28 | Appropriate for a variety of targets, combining stability and accuracy at intermediate distances. |
30 | Very best for longer-range engagements, with elevated accuracy and a extra constant shot sample. |
Development and Supplies
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge, a testomony to craftsmanship and reliability, boasts a development constructed to endure the pains of the sphere. Its supplies and manufacturing course of are key to its popularity for sturdiness and precision. This part delves into the specifics of those points, highlighting the strengths and potential weaknesses of the alternatives made.The Citori’s enduring reputation stems from its rigorously thought of design and supplies.
Excessive-quality metal, usually alloyed for power and resistance to put on, types the muse of the motion and barrel. This materials choice ensures a strong and long-lasting firearm.
A Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a incredible selection for a shooter, however understanding the nuances of various cartridges can actually elevate your expertise. For instance, evaluating the 6.8 SPC to the .308, as this insightful comparison shows , opens up an entire new world of prospects. In the end, the Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge stays a top-tier selection for its reliability and efficiency, a real testomony to craftsmanship.
Supplies and Alloys
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge makes use of a mix of high-quality metal alloys for its receiver, motion, and barrel. These alloys are rigorously chosen to stability power, sturdiness, and weight. This ensures that the firearm stays light-weight and responsive, whereas retaining distinctive power and resistance to emphasize. A particular instance is using a high-carbon metal within the barrel, enhancing its resistance to put on and tear from repeated firing.
The mix of those supplies contributes to the general efficiency and reliability of the firearm.
Manufacturing Course of
The manufacturing strategy of the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a meticulous one. It entails a number of phases of machining, forging, and ending, making certain the best high quality requirements. Precision instruments and extremely educated technicians play essential roles within the manufacturing course of. Rigorous high quality management measures are applied at each step to keep up consistency and accuracy. This dedication to element is clear within the distinctive high quality of the completed product.
High quality Management Measures
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge undergoes stringent high quality management checks all through its manufacturing. This contains inspections for materials defects, exact measurements of essential dimensions, and useful testing to ensure correct operation. Each element is rigorously scrutinized to make sure it meets the demanding requirements set by Browning. This dedication to high quality management interprets to a firearm that’s constructed to final and carry out constantly.
Sturdiness and Reliability
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is famend for its distinctive sturdiness and reliability. The meticulous design, high-quality supplies, and rigorous manufacturing course of contribute to its resilience. Quite a few opinions from avid hunters and sport shooters reward its potential to face up to heavy use, making certain years of reliable service. Customers usually report the firearm’s potential to carry out constantly, even beneath difficult situations.
Inventory Choices
The selection of inventory can considerably impression the dealing with and luxury of the firearm. Completely different inventory choices can be found, every with distinctive traits.
Inventory Kind | Traits |
---|---|
Artificial | Light-weight, sturdy, and immune to moisture and injury. Usually offers a customizable match. |
Wooden | Conventional really feel, usually with a extra customized aesthetic. Can provide a extra comfy match, however could be affected by moisture. |
Laminate | Combines the advantages of each artificial and wooden shares, providing a sturdy and comfy choice. |
Reliability and Upkeep
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge, famend for its strong development and easy motion, calls for respect and correct take care of continued efficiency. This part particulars the important thing points of sustaining its reliability, making certain years of enjoyment on the vary or within the discipline. Understanding the mechanics and implementing the advisable upkeep procedures will considerably lengthen the lifespan and efficiency of your firearm.
Reliability Overview
The Citori Particular Metal’s popularity for reliability stems from its meticulously engineered parts and strong supplies. The usage of high-quality metal and meticulously crafted mechanisms contribute to its sturdiness and dependability. Nonetheless, like several firearm, constant upkeep is paramount to preserving its integrity and performance. Correct cleansing and lubrication are important for stopping corrosion and making certain easy operation over time.
Upkeep Procedures for Optimum Operate
Constant care and a spotlight are essential to sustaining the Citori Particular Metal’s distinctive efficiency. Common cleansing and lubrication forestall the build-up of fouling, which may impede easy motion and probably injury inner mechanisms. This diligent strategy not solely prolongs the firearm’s life but in addition ensures its optimum functioning.
Frequent Points and Troubleshooting
Some frequent points embody malfunctions stemming from amassed fouling, and, often, put on and tear. Issues like jamming or inconsistent firing can usually be resolved by thorough cleansing and lubrication. If points persist, looking for skilled gunsmith help is advisable. This ensures that the issue is identified and corrected appropriately, stopping potential escalation.
Advisable Cleansing Procedures
The advisable cleansing procedures contain a scientific strategy to take away fouling and contaminants. Disassembly and reassembly ought to at all times be executed rigorously, following the producer’s directions for particular fashions. A top quality gun cleansing equipment, together with acceptable solvents and brushes, is crucial. It is vital to keep away from harsh chemical compounds that may injury the firearm’s end or inner parts.
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a incredible selection for any shooter on the lookout for a dependable and exact firearm. It is a traditional design with fashionable enhancements. Nonetheless, when you’re on the lookout for a smaller, extra compact choice for plinking or goal follow, the Browning Buckmark Micro Bull .22LR 4 barrel is perhaps simply what you want.
In the end, the Citori Particular Metal stays a top-tier selection for these looking for a strong and highly effective shotgun. Its craftsmanship and efficiency are second to none.
Important Instruments and Provides for Cleansing and Upkeep
Sustaining a Citori Particular Metal requires particular instruments and provides. The next desk Artikels the mandatory gear for a complete cleansing and upkeep routine.
A Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is a incredible selection, identified for its reliability and easy motion. Whereas exploring the world of firearms, it is fascinating to think about the precision of a Glock 17 mini caliber 11, and its place within the firearms panorama, which is roofed intimately here. In the end, the Citori stays a top-tier selection for these looking for a traditional, reliable shotgun.
Merchandise | Description |
---|---|
Cleansing Rod | Important for dislodging fouling from the barrel and motion. |
Cleansing Brushes (numerous sizes) | Important for reaching numerous components of the firearm’s inside. |
Gun Oil/Lubricant | Preserves shifting components and prevents rust. |
Solvent | Removes carbon deposits and different fouling. |
Patch Equipment | For thorough cleansing and lubrication of the barrel. |
Screwdrivers (acceptable sizes) | For disassembling and reassembling the firearm (confer with the guide). |
Eye Safety | Essential for security throughout cleansing procedures. |
Gloves | Protects arms from chemical compounds and particles. |
Cleansing Equipment | A complete equipment containing all important instruments for optimum upkeep. |
Taking pictures Expertise

The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge, a real testomony to craftsmanship, delivers a novel capturing expertise. Its design, meticulously crafted, interprets to a satisfying and exact interplay with the firearm. From the preliminary grip to the ultimate shot, the expertise is one in every of refined management and satisfying energy.
Recoil Traits
The Citori Particular Metal, whereas a robust 20 gauge, displays manageable recoil. That is largely because of the balanced weight distribution and the cautious design of the inventory. In comparison with another 20 gauges, the recoil is noticeably milder, translating to a extra gratifying capturing session, even for shooters accustomed to lighter firearms. That is significantly useful for prolonged capturing periods.
General Taking pictures Expertise
The general capturing expertise with the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is one in every of precision and luxury. The firearm’s stability permits for a pure and managed stance, which interprets to constant accuracy. The sleek motion, coupled with the responsive set off, enhances the general expertise. A way of management and confidence is commonly felt by the consumer.
Felt Recoil
The felt recoil of the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge is noticeably decrease than that of comparable shotguns. That is achieved by a mixture of things, together with the rigorously engineered inventory design, which successfully absorbs a lot of the impression. Shooters discover that the recoil is extra of a push than a jarring jolt, significantly necessary for prolonged capturing periods.
The recoil is predictable and controllable.
Ease of Use in Varied Situations
The Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge demonstrates distinctive ease of use throughout various capturing situations. Its manageable weight and balanced design enable for fast goal acquisition and constant follow-through. Whether or not looking in dense cowl or goal capturing at a variety, the firearm handles with a shocking diploma of nimbleness. The inventory’s adjustable options enable for a tailor-made match, additional enhancing consolation and management, making it a flexible selection for a wide selection of capturing actions.
Worth and Alternate options

The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge represents a compelling mix of efficiency, craftsmanship, and worth. Understanding its place inside the shotgun market requires a cautious have a look at its strengths, weaknesses, and the aggressive panorama. This evaluation will delve into the mannequin’s cost-effectiveness, potential long-term funding, and discover viable options in the identical worth vary.This part examines the worth proposition of the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge in comparison with related shotguns, together with the pricing and options of competing fashions.
In the end, it goals to offer a complete analysis of the mannequin’s cost-effectiveness and potential for long-term worth retention.
Worth Proposition
The Browning Citori’s enduring reputation stems from its balanced mixture of high quality development, dependable efficiency, and user-friendly design. Its confirmed sturdiness and strong motion, usually appreciated by skilled shooters, present a reassuring basis for years of reliable service. The Particular Metal mannequin, particularly, emphasizes using high-quality supplies, making it a sensible selection for fans looking for dependable efficiency.
Different Shotguns
A number of shotguns compete in the identical worth vary because the Browning Citori Particular Metal, every with distinctive traits. These options usually provide compelling options that may attraction to completely different shooters, but in addition differ in design philosophies and high quality.
Value-Effectiveness Comparability
Evaluating the Browning Citori Particular Metal to its rivals requires an intensive evaluation of pricing and options. Contemplate the anticipated lifespan of the firearm and the overall value of possession, together with potential upkeep and restore prices. Whereas the Browning could have the next preliminary worth, its potential for long-term worth might in the end make it a more cost effective selection in the long term.
This side requires cautious consideration of anticipated utilization and upkeep schedules.
Lengthy-Time period Funding Worth
“A well-maintained firearm, like a high quality watch, can recognize in worth over time.”
The Browning Citori’s popularity for sturdiness and high quality ensures it might retain and even recognize in worth, making it a possible long-term funding for the discerning collector or shooter. Historic information on related fashions, coupled with market tendencies, can present a extra exact image of potential future worth.
Comparative Pricing and Options, Browning citori particular metal 20 gauge
Shotgun Mannequin | Worth (USD) | Key Options |
---|---|---|
Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 Gauge | $1,800 – $2,200 | Particular Metal development, dependable motion, adjustable inventory, numerous barrel choices |
Beretta 686 Gold 20 Gauge | $1,600 – $2,000 | Light-weight, easy motion, user-friendly design, high-quality supplies |
Winchester SX3 20 Gauge | $1,500 – $1,800 | Compact design, easy motion, user-friendly design, superior options |
This desk presents a simplified comparability. Precise costs could range based mostly on particular configurations, retailer markups, and situation. Detailed analysis on every mannequin is essential for knowledgeable decision-making. Contemplate elements like the precise barrel size, inventory options, and any extra equipment.
Person Evaluations and Opinions
The Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge has garnered a considerable quantity of suggestions from enthusiastic customers, providing a worthwhile perception into the gun’s strengths and weaknesses. These opinions, usually detailed and passionate, paint a transparent image of the gun’s efficiency, dealing with, and total attraction to the capturing group. Understanding these consumer views is essential for potential consumers seeking to make an knowledgeable choice.A recurring theme throughout many opinions highlights the Citori’s famend construct high quality and reliability.
That is usually contrasted with observations concerning the gun’s dealing with traits, significantly for shooters with smaller arms. The interaction between these points types an important a part of the general consumer expertise.
Common Consensus
Person opinions usually reward the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge for its strong development and reliable efficiency. Nonetheless, some customers have famous areas the place enhancements might improve the general consumer expertise, particularly for these with differing hand sizes. This stability between excessive reward and constructive criticism presents a nuanced view of the firearm’s strengths and limitations.
Optimistic Suggestions
- Many customers constantly spotlight the distinctive construct high quality and craftsmanship of the Citori. The gun’s strong development and sturdy supplies are sometimes cited as key strengths.
- Reliability is ceaselessly talked about as a big constructive attribute. Customers report minimal malfunctions and constant efficiency throughout numerous capturing situations.
- The sleek motion and responsive set off are ceaselessly praised. This contributes to a satisfying and predictable capturing expertise.
- Accuracy is commonly famous as glorious, permitting for constant hits at numerous distances and capturing situations.
- The Citori’s versatility is acknowledged. Customers report utilizing it for a wide range of looking and sporting clays actions.
Damaging Suggestions
- Some customers have famous that the inventory could not match all hand sizes comfortably, resulting in potential discomfort or dealing with challenges for smaller arms. Modifications is perhaps crucial for optimum match.
- A couple of opinions point out the load of the gun as a disadvantage, significantly for prolonged capturing periods.
- The worth level is typically cited as a consideration, although this usually doesn’t detract from the general worth proposition.
- The recoil could be notable, particularly with heavier hundreds. That is usually a trade-off for the gun’s efficiency.
Affect on Buying Selections
Person opinions considerably affect buying choices. Potential consumers usually depend on the collective experiences of others to evaluate the gun’s suitability for his or her wants. Optimistic opinions bolster confidence within the firearm’s high quality and reliability, whereas unfavorable suggestions can immediate a extra cautious strategy. A radical analysis of each constructive and unfavorable suggestions offers a complete understanding of the Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge.
Abstract Desk
Side | Optimistic Suggestions | Damaging Suggestions |
---|---|---|
Construct High quality | Sturdy, Sturdy, Excessive Craftsmanship | – |
Reliability | Minimal Malfunctions, Constant Efficiency | – |
Dealing with | Easy Motion, Responsive Set off | Inventory Match Points (for some customers), Weight |
Accuracy | Wonderful Accuracy | – |
Versatility | Appropriate for Looking and Sporting Clays | – |
Worth | – | Worth Level as a Consideration |
Recoil | – | Important Recoil (with heavier hundreds) |
Technical Specs and Dimensions
Diving into the nitty-gritty particulars, we’ll discover the exact measurements and specs that make the Browning Citori Particular Metal 20 gauge a standout firearm. Understanding these technical points offers a extra full image of this versatile shotgun, enabling knowledgeable selections based mostly on particular person wants and preferences.
From barrel lengths to inventory configurations, every factor performs a task within the total really feel and efficiency of the firearm. The next sections will illuminate these key parts, equipping you with the information to confidently evaluate and distinction numerous fashions.
Barrel Lengths and Weight Variations
The size of the barrel straight influences the weapon’s weight and dealing with traits. Longer barrels usually improve the general weight, whereas shorter barrels lead to a lighter, extra maneuverable firearm. A key consideration for shooters is the stability between weight and dealing with ease, and the way it impacts the general capturing expertise. This relationship is essential for understanding how barrel size straight impacts the felt weight and recoil.
As an example, a 28-inch barrel will naturally really feel heavier than a 26-inch barrel, probably impacting the swing and felt recoil. Conversely, the shorter barrel is perhaps preferable for close-quarters conditions or for many who prioritize maneuverability.
Inventory Configurations and Dimensions
Completely different inventory configurations provide various levels of consolation and match. Changes in inventory dimensions, corresponding to comb peak and size of pull, cater to various shooter preferences and physique sorts. These delicate variations considerably impression the general capturing expertise, and understanding these nuances will assist you to discover probably the most appropriate match.
- Comb Peak: Adjusting comb peak alters the place of the attention relative to the barrel, affecting the cheek weld and the general capturing expertise. A better comb could be higher for shooters with the next cheek place, whereas a decrease comb fits these with a decrease cheek place.
- Size of Pull: The size of pull (LOP) refers back to the distance from the set off to the butt of the inventory. An extended LOP is perhaps extra comfy for bigger shooters, whereas a shorter LOP may go well with smaller shooters.
- Inventory Materials: Varied supplies, like wooden or artificial polymer, provide completely different tactile sensations and sturdiness ranges. The selection of inventory materials usually will depend on private choice and the specified degree of sturdiness.
Technical Specs Desk
The next desk summarizes key technical specs, permitting for a transparent comparability throughout completely different fashions and barrel lengths. This information is important for making knowledgeable choices when selecting a firearm that most closely fits particular person wants.
Specification | Description |
---|---|
Gauge | 20 Gauge |
Barrel Lengths | 26″, 28″, 30″ |
Weight (approx.) | 26″
|
Inventory Configuration | Adjustable Comb Peak, Size of Pull |
Capability | 2-3 Shells (relying on journal kind) |